So the potential energy decreases with larger Q. In other words, it has less potential energy at the same distance. Now because they point from positive to negative we get E d V d r (in spherical symmetry). Electric field lines always point in the direction of decreasing. That means it must have liberated more potential energy and turned it into kinetic energy. electrostatics potential Share Cite Improve this question Follow asked at 20:53 Karan Singh 723 2 12 25 Add a comment 2 Answers Sorted by: 2 It is a convention that field lines point from positive to negative. The negative sign indicates that the electric potential at point B is lower than at point A. Most modern models are entirely mathematical, as that is quantitative by nature. But really field lines are not used in models only in visualisations since they are good at conveying qualitatively information. Now when n2 is released and is clocked at a radius of 2m, since it had a greater force acting on it (as the charges were larger), it must be going faster (say 20m/s). Or gravitational field lines representing lines of equal gravitational potential. Peaks in potential correspond to regions of positive charge, and valleys to negative charge, so the field lines diverge from positive charges and converge to. So far weve considered the magnetic field lines due to a single device. ![]() Now repeat the above thought except this time with a charge of twice the negativity (-2). Specifically, the field lines always point in the steepest downhill direction, and how close together the field lines are tells you how steep the potential gradient is in that direction. In this case, some of the total potential energy has been converted or "liberated" to kinetic energy at the distance of 2m. Now say after a time t, you clock the particle going 10m/s when it is a distance of 2 meters from the positive particle. If you let go, the negative charge will start slowly moving and very slowly the potential energy that the negative charge possesses (due to the presence of the positive charge) will start to convert into kinetic energy. Now at this point, in order to prevent the negative charge from accelerating towards the positive charge you will need to hold it back with your finger. Although the direction and relative intensity of the electric field can be deduced from a set of field lines, the lines can also be misleading. Now take a unit negative charge and place it far enough from the positive charge such that if you move it any further the negative charge will feel no force from the positive charge, so you're right on the edge. Take a unit positive charge and fix it in place anywhere in space. The direction of E is in the direction from higher to lower potential. ![]() I think it would paint a clear picture if you look at it this way: The average electric field E, along the line between two points separated by a.
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